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軟件行業(yè)發(fā)展到今天，國(guó)際化問(wèn)題一直都占據(jù)非常重要的位置，而且應(yīng)該越來(lái)越被重視。對(duì)于開(kāi)發(fā)人員而言，在編寫程序之前，國(guó)際化問(wèn)題是首先要考慮的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，也許有時(shí)候這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)在設(shè)計(jì)者的考慮范圍之內(nèi)，但終歸要開(kāi)發(fā)人員去做實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因此，如何實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際化，是開(kāi)發(fā)人員必須掌握的一項(xiàng)基本技能。
今天，這里要講的就是，在利用C#進(jìn)行WinForm開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)，國(guó)際化是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的。鑒于時(shí)間及篇幅關(guān)系，這里僅僅介紹一種簡(jiǎn)單的國(guó)際化實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，可能這里提到的方法已經(jīng)有非常多人提到過(guò)，但筆者還是不厭其煩地介紹一下。
要在C#中實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際化，需要相關(guān)資源文件，比如要在一個(gè)軟件中支持英文、中文兩種語(yǔ)言，那么就必須有這兩種語(yǔ)言的資源文件，這在C#中可以采用資源文件（后綴名為.resx）來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，我們不妨定義英文資源文件名稱為Resource.en-US，中文資源文件名稱為Resource.zh-CN，兩種資源文件所涉及的ID都應(yīng)該是一樣的（這對(duì)于其他更多的資源文件均是一樣的），只不過(guò)是展示的名稱不同罷了。
有了這兩種資源文件，接下來(lái)就要考慮如何做的問(wèn)題了。為了適應(yīng)多處使用的情形，這里筆者單獨(dú)編寫了一個(gè)類ResourceCulture，該類包含了一些靜態(tài)方法，主要作用是用來(lái)設(shè)置當(dāng)前語(yǔ)言及返回當(dāng)前的語(yǔ)言的相關(guān)字符串。該類代碼如下：

using System.Reflection;
using System.Resources;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;

namespace GlobalizationTest
{
    class ResourceCulture
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Set current culture by name
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">name</param>
        public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
            {
                name = "en-US";
            }

            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(name);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get string by id
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">id</param>
        /// <returns>current language string</returns>
        public static string GetString(string id)
        {
            string strCurLanguage = "";

            try
            {
                ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("GlobalizationTest.Resource", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
                CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
                strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci);
            }
            catch
            {
                strCurLanguage = "No id:" + id + ", please add.";
            }

            return strCurLanguage;
        }
    }
}

在Form1中的代碼如下：

/**
 * This project is just a example to show how to do the globalization in C# winform.
 * You and rebuild and/or modify it by yourself if you want.
 * Specially, this project was created in Visual Studio 2010.
 *
 * Project Name : GlobalizationTest
 * Create Date  : April 29th, 2010
 * */

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace GlobalizationTest
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the resource culture
        /// </summary>
        private void SetResourceCulture()
        {
            // Set the form title text
            this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText");

            // Set the groupbox text
            this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageViewText");
            this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageSelectionText");

            // Set the label text
            this.lblCurLanguageText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblCurLanguageText");
            this.lblNameText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblNameText");
            this.lblPhoneText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblPhoneText");   

            // Set the button text
            this.btnMsgShow.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_btnMsgShowText");

            // Set radiobutton text
            this.rbEnglish.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
            this.rbChinese.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");

            // Set the current language text
            if (rbEnglish.Checked)
            {
                this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
            }
            else if (rbChinese.Checked)
            {
                this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
            }
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Set the default language
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");

            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }

        private void btnMsgShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtName.Text))
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_nameText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
                    MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
                return;
            }

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtPhone.Text))
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_phoneText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
                    MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
                return;
            }

            MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_InfoText") + txtName.Text + ", " + txtPhone.Text,
                ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
        }

        private void rbEnglish_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }

        private void rbChinese_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN");
            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }
    }
}

最終的效果如下圖1和圖2所示：

圖1

歸結(jié)起來(lái)，要在C#的WinForm中實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際化，至少需要做好以下幾點(diǎn)：
（1）準(zhǔn)備所需資源文件（如本文中提到的英文和中文資源文件）；
（2）引入命名空間（包括：System.Reflection、System.Resources、System.Threading和System.Globalization）；
（3）實(shí)例化資源管理器（即ResourceManager）；
（4）設(shè)置當(dāng)前進(jìn)程的語(yǔ)言區(qū)域；
（5）通過(guò)資源管理器從指定的資源文件中獲取所需值。
通過(guò)上述的方法即可簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際化。